The medical prescription of levetiracetam is of considerable importance in the treatment of epilepsy. This medication, administered to control epileptic seizures, can lead to various side effects that deserve particular attention. For patients and their loved ones, understanding these potential effects is essential to ensure effective and safe management of the treatment. Clear information about how levetiracetam works, as well as the precautions to take, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for affected individuals.

Levetiracetam is a medication from the class of anticonvulsants, primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy. Its use has widely spread due to its effectiveness and its profile of side effects that are generally less significant compared to other antiepileptic drugs. However, like any medication, it is crucial to know the terms of medical prescription as well as the potential side effects.

What is Levetiracetam?

Levetiracetam is a chemical compound that acts on the central nervous system to regulate epileptic seizures. It is generally available in the form of a palatable solution or tablets. This medication works by inhibiting certain neurotransmitters, which reduces the brain’s propensity to trigger seizures.

It is commonly prescribed to treat different types of epileptic seizures, including partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Levetiracetam can be administered alone or in combination with other antiepileptic agents. Over the years, it has been evaluated as a first-line treatment for newly diagnosed epilepsy patients.

Prescription Indications

The prescription of levetiracetam is primarily justified in patients suffering from epilepsy. Physicians base this decision on several factors:

• Type of seizure: Levetiracetam is particularly effective for partial seizures, with or without secondary generalization, and for myoclonic seizures.
• Patient age: This medication is indicated for adults, adolescents from 12 years, and can also be prescribed to children from one month old, but with particular attention to the dosage based on weight.
• Medical history: The presence of heart disorders, kidney diseases, or other medical conditions could influence the prescription. Physicians will assess the need to adjust the dose.
• Reaction to previous treatments: If a patient has previously been on other antiepileptic treatments without success, levetiracetam might be considered as an alternative.

Potential Side Effects

Despite the advantages of levetiracetam, there is a range of potential side effects that both the patient and the physician must monitor. Although many of these effects are mild and transient, some may require immediate medical attention.

Commonly reported side effects include:

• Drowsiness: Excessive sleepiness is one of the most common side effects, especially at the beginning of treatment or after a dose increase.
• Headaches: Many patients report frequent and sometimes severe headaches.
• Nasopharyngitis: Inflammation of the upper respiratory tract is a common effect and can lead to symptoms similar to those of a cold.

Other less frequent but concerning side effects may include:

• Suicidal thoughts: Some patients may develop self-destructive thoughts. Regular mental status evaluations are therefore essential.
• Severe allergic reactions: Although rare, anaphylactic reactions can occur, requiring immediate medical intervention.
• Increased seizure frequency: Some individuals may see a worsening of their condition at the beginning of treatment.

Taking levetiracetam also requires vigilance regarding drug interactions. Always inform your physician about other medications you are taking. For example, the concurrent use of laxatives such as macrogol should be avoided, as it may interfere with the absorption of levetiracetam.

Special Considerations

When prescribing levetiracetam, physicians will also evaluate various factors to determine the most appropriate treatment:

• Pregnancy: Seizure control is essential during pregnancy. Pregnant women or those considering pregnancy should discuss the risks associated with treatment. The prescription of levetiracetam during pregnancy requires careful evaluation of benefits and risks.
• Breastfeeding: Breastfeeding during treatment with levetiracetam is generally not recommended. Physicians will need to assess the necessity of an alternative treatment.
• Age: Dosages for children must be carefully calculated to avoid overdose.

It is also essential not to stop treatment abruptly without medical advice, as this could lead to an increase in the frequency and severity of epileptic seizures. A gradual reduction of the dose is sometimes necessary to limit risks.

Levetiracetam is a valuable medication in the treatment of epilepsy, effective for a wide range of patients. However, it is crucial to be aware of the potential side effects and specifics of administration. Open communication with the physician allows maximizing the benefits of treatment while minimizing risks.

FAQ on Medical Prescription and Side Effects of Levetiracetam

Q : What is levetiracetam?

A : Levetiracetam is a medication used to treat certain types of epileptic seizures. It helps reduce the frequency and severity of seizures in epileptic patients.

Q : How should levetiracetam be taken?

A : Levetiracetam should be taken as recommended by your physician, usually twice a day at the same time, with or without food.

Q : What are the common side effects of levetiracetam?

A : The most common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, and fatigue.

Q : Are there any warnings regarding levetiracetam?

A : Yes, some individuals may experience suicidal thoughts while taking levetiracetam. It is important to report any changes in mood or behavior to your physician.

Q : What should be done in case of levetiracetam overdose?

A : In case of overdose, contact a healthcare professional immediately, as symptoms such as extreme drowsiness, agitation, or decreased alertness may occur.

Q : Can levetiracetam be taken during pregnancy?

A : If you are pregnant, it is essential to discuss with your physician before taking levetiracetam, as seizure control is very important during pregnancy.

Q : What other medications may interact with levetiracetam?

A : Other medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, may affect the effectiveness of levetiracetam. Inform your physician of all your current treatments.

Q : How should levetiracetam be stored?

A : Store levetiracetam at room temperature, away from moisture, heat, and light, and keep it out of reach of children.